بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم
قُلْ هُوَ اللَّهُ أَحَدٌ ﴿1﴾ اللَّهُ الصَّمَدُ ﴿2﴾ لَمْ يَلِدْ وَلَمْ يُولَدْ ﴿3﴾ وَلَمْ يَكُن لَّهُ كُفُوًا أَحَدٌ ﴿4﴾
This Sûrah is Makkī and comprises 4 âyât (verses)
With the name of Allah, the All-Merciful, the Very-Merciful
Say, “The truth is That Allah is One. 1 [1] Allah is Besought of all, needing none, 2 [2] He neither begot anyone, nor was he begotten. [3] And equal to Him has never been any one.” [4]
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1) The concept of pure monotheism was foreign to almost all the people living in Arabia, be they pagans, Jews, or Christians. Pagans had coined deities apart from Allah, and called the angels as Allah’s daughters, while Christians divided godhead in three Persons, and beleved Jesus as Allah’s son. Jews of Arabia believed ‘Uzair as Allah’s son. When the Holy Prophet صلی الله علیه وسلم explained pure monotheism, and invited people to Allah ta’ãlã. In answer to such questions, this sûrah was revealed, which removes all misconceptions about Allah in brief, eloquent and impressive style that cannot be translated in any other language.
Since it explains the doctrine if Tauhīd, which is one of the three basic doctrines of Islam, this Sûrah is given the title of ‘one third of the Holy Qur’ãn’. Its recitation too carries the reward of the recitation of one third of the Holy Qur’ãn.
2) The original word is samad, which means ‘one needs none to help him, but all people turn to him for help’. The pagans believed that Allah has many deities to assist Him in managing the affairs of the universe. This verse declares that being besought of all, He needs none to assist Him. Anyone who needs help from others is not worthy of being called as God.